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 Seeking
A National Single Payer Healthcare System That Will Cover Everyone
In The United States |
How To Organize A Healthcare-NOW "Truth Hearing" How/ Why Organize a Healthcare-Now Truth Hearing You can get started by contacting us: Healthcare Now, 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012-2725, phone 1-800-453-1305 info@healthcare-now.org. Join the national activist organizers' team. Also See the Gainesville, FL: New York, NY; Indianapolis, IN; Louisville, KY; Pittsburgh, PA, and Bellingham, WA reports that will give you a blow by blow description about how new groups have been formed and have organized in these communities. BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE
Part One: First of All -- What is It? How can we do It? "We are the ones we have been waiting for." Why are we inviting our Members of Congress to these community hearings as well as calling on them to hold official Congressional Hearings and pass legislation in Congress. The answer is Democracy -- We are the ones who decided to call our members of Congress home to hear our views about health care and to understand our struggles under the current health care system; Usually, members of Congress (led by the majority party in control) call hearings, decide what they want to hear, and invite the speakers. CONGRESS NEEDS TO HEAR THAT WE CAN AFFORD IT: For many years, Congressmembers who supported a national healthcare system were in the minority and were not allowed to call hearings or move legislation. Now, in the new Congress, there is a decision to avoid any new deficit spending. Single Payer National Healthcare is the only way to go if we hope to afford a quality healthcare system for all of our people. LOBBYISTS DON'T CONTROL OUR COMMUNITY Our hearings are just the opposite from most official Congressional hearings. We, the people of the community have decided that the members of Congress should listen to us rather than to the lobbyists on the issue of health care for all. We pick the speakers. We open it up to everyone. Democrats, Republicans, Independents, non-voters. All who want to testify about the healthcare crisis and proposed solutions are invited, and we believe that Congress will become healthier and more able to make decisions about the healthcare of this nation if they listen to the community that sent them to Washington. While Healthcare-NOW is dedicated to a national single payer healthcare system that will serve everybody in the United States, we want to hear from everybody who cares about healthcare. Everybody in; nobody out.
Part Two: How Do WE Do It? Find out if anyone is already working on a hearing in your area and join up with them. We can give you names and contacts. Or begin to put together a coalition of groups in your community to begin planning such a hearing. Call up Healthcare-NOW 800-453-1305 or send us an email at info@healthcare.org Listen in on the Healthcare-NOW conference calls discussing successes and problems in putting together these hearings in some of the other cities where they are being organized. Call us at 1-800-453-1305 if you want to be a part of the national organizing team. Read below about the Alachua County, Florida hearing and how they did it. Begin an Organizing Committee. Talk to people about the healthcare crisis and how to build this new type of coalition, and we do mean new! Start the meetings with every possible combination of people who are stakeholders, every age, race, and faith, -- youth and seniors, labor unions, small businesses, large businesses, nurses, doctors, women's and human rights organizations, hospital advocacy groups, faith groups and community groups concerned about the economy, people with disabilities and those who have suffered under the current healthcare system. Don't even have an initial meeting until you have half a dozen or more diverse groups involved. And keep growing. The coalition must be broad and comprehensive. No one person, or organization or even one sector can succeed if they try to do this alone. We are serious about winning the fight for national healthcare. So it is important to do better organizing than we have in the past. Here are some of the steps for the Organizing Committee:
FOLLOW-UP PLANS AFTER THE HEARING for 2007 - 2008 --Keep the movement growing! Have regular meetings, organize community activities, support people who are desperate for healthcare, inform, educate, organize, and agitate if necessary to urge your Congressional representatives to sign onto HR676. 1. Plan events on either the 6th or the 7th of each month (i.e. 676)-- postcards to Congress, a call in day, a community event. We are reminding everybody constantly of the numbers 676. 2. Plan a teach in and a big event on April 4th -- National Healthcare Action Day, or that weekend. This is the anniversary of the death of Dr. Martin Luther King, one of the historic advocates for a national healthcare system in the United States. Healthcare was his passion, and Healthcare-NOW plans to honor his memory by winning a national healthcare system for all people. 3. Stay in touch with the national office of Healthcare-NOW so you will know the plans and be prepared to organize for the national days of action.
GAINESVILLE, fL Contact: aclp@floridalaborparty.org
A coalition of the Alachua County NAACP, Central Labor Council of North Central Florida, Gainesville Area National Origination for Women, Graduates Assistants United (GAU), American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) Local 2779, Physicians for a national Health Plan, United Faculty of Florida, Gainesville Women’s Liberation and the Alachua County Labor Party was formed in January to organize a Congressional Healthcare Hearing. Planning: Representatives from the above groups along with representatives from the Coalition of Black Nurses Association and Healthcare is a Human Rights groups met twice a month for planning and strategy to publicize and mobile people to come to the hearing. Publicizing: Members would table and flyer at the following locations: (also would talk with people about HR 676) Events/Festivals: The Santa Fe Spring Arts Festival and the 5th Avenue Spring Arts Festival, Gainesville 4th of July Fireworks Flea and Farmers Markets: Downtown Farmers and Flea Market at the Hippodrone, Wednesday afternoons and the Farmers Market on US 441 North Saturdays mornings. Meetings: CWA Union Meeting, Save Alachua General Hospital Meeting, North Florida Central Labor Council General Meeting, Demonstrations: Picket in front Region Blue Cross and Blue Shield Offices on June 7, 2007, where the City Proclamation was read that June 6th, 2006 was National Health Insurance Day in the City of Gainesville and we had a SpeakOut where people told their experiences in dealing with insurance companies. Signs along the road read “HONK if you been denied Healthcare!” The live 6 o’clock lead to the local news was noisy with car horns sounding as the reporter stated “by the noise out here, the protesters had definitely struck a chord with the passing motorist.”
Op Ed Pieces: The Gainesville Sun 2 times. The Satellite (local opinion/arts and entertainment magazine) Street Corner Sign Waving: Corner of University Avenue and Waldo Road. Healthcare Surveys: 10 boxes were located throughout the community with health care surveys. Surveys had “I would like to Testify, Please contact me” boxes with a place for their names and contact information. The Boxes were located Public Health Department, Doctor’s offices, Public Library, Civic Media Center, Books Inc. Café and Book Store, Senor Citizen Community Centers. Also surveys were mailed to our data base, Church Group mailing list. Healthcare Surveys were also collected at Festivals and Organization meetings and were always on our table at all tabling events. Post Cards to Local Representatives and Senator’s: The one tool that was used at all locations and mailings were post cards. The Post Cards were for either Representative Cliff Sterns or Senator Bill Nelson. The cards were a way to approach people to ask for their signature and explain HR676. We tried to keep the signed post cards to create a mailing data base to publicize the Congressional Hearing. We had collected over 750 postcards before the hearing. Conference Call with Representative Cliff Sterns – We organized a conference call w/ representative Cliff Sterns with people from all the endorsing groups and had a local newspaper reporter present for the call. (Sterns declined to come on line 45 sec. before the call but had his representatives handle the call instead.) News Paper Signature Advertisement for Congressional Hearings. – A 5/4 page ad for the Congressional Hearing was Gainesville Sun the Sunday before the Congressional Hearings. Names were places in the ad to endorse HR676 for $10 to pay for the ad. Public Service Announcements: We put public service announcements on the radio to advertise the hearing. City Proclamation: The Mayor of the City of Gainesville signed a proclamation declaring that June 6, 2007 was National Health Insurance Day. The language could not include any specific legislation but did say single payer heath system. Alachua County Commission Resolution in Support of HR676 – We lobbied each county commissioner giving personal testimony of experiences with insurance companies. The County Commissioners unanimously passed a resolution endorsing HR 676. Press Releases: For all public events, demonstrations and conference calls, as well as the Congressional Hearings press releases were issued. Phone calls to the media followed the press releases to ensure they were aware of the events or issues. Film: At the Hippodrome Cinema we showed the film “Damaged Care”. We tabled in the lobby with flyers, signature ads, post cards and healthcare surveys. The Congressional Hearings: The Hearing was held at the Thelma Boltin Community Center on Saturday, July 8th, 2007 from 9:30 am to 12:30pm. The hearings were attended by over 200 people with Representative Corrine Browns’ representative Glenal Bowden and Senator Bill Nelson’s representative Mary Chiles along with members of the Alachua County and City of Gainesville Commissioners receiving the testimony. The hearing was facilitated by former mayor of Gainesville Penny Wheat. All people were to sign in at the door. A preliminary list of people who had already contacted us from all the preceding events, advertisements and tabling was coordinated before the hearing. After the signing in at the door, people who wanted to testify had to go to the testify table and sign-in to testify. The list of who would testify was modified and amended according to who showed up. The front of the room had a table for testifiers and a table for elected officials to receive the testimony. The testifiers were given 5 min. to testify enforced by the facilitator. 3 testifiers at time were called up to the table to testify. The next 3 testifiers were called to move to the side of the front to facilitate the change in panel of testifiers. A runner between the facilitator and the testifier sign-in desk kept the facilitator updated who to call to be on deck next. The event was taped by a professional videogragher. A separate video booth was set up in the lobby for people who did not want to testify in front of the audience. The video booth was also used for people that wanted to testify but because of time constraints, were not able to testify in front of the audience. Within 72 hours every person that attended the Congressional hearing had received a phone call from Larry Thompson of the Alachua County Labor Party getting their feedback. At the next Labor Party meeting more than 50 people attended, 30 of which had never been a Labor Party meeting. To get involved in this fight to win H.R. 676, call the Alachua County Labor Party at 352-375-2832. Copies of our Hearing are available on DVD. Email us at: aclp@floridalaborparty.org ================ Contact Ajamu Sankofa1949@aol.com
At its November 2006 chapter meeting, NYC Healthcare-Now decided to hold a community health truth hearing in Harlem as part of its 12 month campaign to build an effective an authentically grassroots constituency that itself will move forward to demand and win the passage of HR 676 within the next two years. Three components were essential to the chapter’s vision for success: 1. the Hearing (s) must be located within communities of color or the communities of the severely economic exploited; 2. the primary speakers would be community members themselves who are of diverse backgrounds and who are experiencing substantial healthcare insecurity: lack of health insurance, lack of access to adequate healthcare, and/or injury to their health or quality of life that has resulted from healthcare insecurity; 3. that the official respondents to the speakers would be a broad range of experts in healthcare advocacy who have established credibility in the community as knowledgeable, effective, and compassionate health service providers or advocates, and finally, 4. elected officials would be encouraged to attend. The “expert” respondents assisted in the question and answer period by providing context for the need to win HR 676, in addition to responding to the specific questions of the speakers. The respondents also comprised the list of co-sponsors for the event. The co-sponsors included the NYC chapter of the Gray Panthers, the Million Worker March, AFSCME District Council 37, Malcolm X Grassroots Movement, Physicians for National Health Program, Latinos for National Health Insurance, Families for Freedom, Muslim Women’s Institute for Research, Metro New York Health Care for All Campaign, NYC Katrina Solidarity Committee, NYC Commission on Public Health, and Healthcare-Now. The sponsoring organizations assisted in identify NYC residents who would lead the discussion by sharing their experiences of substantial healthcare-insecurity. NYC Councilmen, Oliver Koppel sent comments supporting the Truth Hearing and advocating for passage of NYC Resolution 75 that encourages the US Congress to pass HR 676. Harlem based Episcopal Minister, the beloved Rev. Kooperkamp provided the opening prayer. The esteemed Broadway Actress, Vinie Burrows mesmerized the audience by appearing as a homeless woman without health insurance due to no fault of her own. It was only after her performance that the attendees realized that she was acting. The Hearing was videotaped and has appeared several times on local NYC cable TV. We had 15 very powerful and different accounts of substantial healthcare insecurity presented to approximately 115 people in an event that lasted for three fast paced hours. This event has spawned the current organizing of three additional community health truth hearings in support of HR 676 over the next few months in NYC. Further, a subcommittee has formed as a result of this Truth Hearing to replicate the best direct action strategies of the civil rights movement. NYC/HCN succeeded in implementing its vision. Accordingly, we have decided to replicate this truth hearing model all over NYC. We are in it to win it, HR 676 by 2008. ============================= Contact Joyce Flight, jflight@indy.net
Report on Organizing a Congressional Hearing – from Joyce Flight, Indianapolis Because I came to this cause on my own, having read Marilyn’s article in the United Methodist Women’s Response magazine, gone to the web-site, phoned Marilyn for who was working on this in Indianapolis, and been told, “No-one. I think you should do it,” I had no ready-made group to work with. So I immediately began networking. I talked first to an activist friend, who gave me a list of names of leaders in different constituencies. I made appointments with these leaders, made a presentation to each about Single-payer, asked them to be on the Organizing Committee for a Congressional Hearing or to send someone from their organization. On May 11, 17 of us met at the UAW-CAP labor hall to get acquainted, set a time, date, place and design for the Hearing and to appoint a steering committee. The group decided to do it on a Thursday so as not to conflict with Friday, Sat, and Sunday holy days. They said we had to have similar (although not identical) sessions – once in the morning and once in the evening to meet workers’ varying schedules. We set August 3, 2006, as the time, having understood that the U.S. House closed for August. Later in the month would have been better from the Representatives point of view. Eight of the 16 people at the Organizing Committee volunteered to be on the Steering Committee. Five dates were set for meetings. The work of the Steering Committee was outlined at meetings and carried out by the members of the committee through e-mail, phone, and personal contact. Thirty-five Co-Sponsors signed agreement forms that asked them to publicize the Hearing in their constituency. We also asked for a donation of $25 to help with expenses. One CEO said it would cost that much just to write the check and gave $200. Learning: ask for a bigger amount. These co-sponsors were listed on the flyer advertising the event and on the program for the Hearing. The events themselves went well. We met at a United Methodist Church. A little over 100 people came to each session. We had pre-arranged testimonies from 5-6 individuals at each event plus from 4 community leaders, then a speaker. One, a medical doctor from PNHP promoted single-payer. The other, both a doctor and a politician said single-payer was an unobtainable ideal. Learning: stick with a PNHP speaker.
We asked for written testimonies and we provided forms for people to write their own or dictate to a member of the steering committee. After the event, a packet was sent to each Congressional representative from Indiana and for the candidates for that office and to our 2 Senators. The packets included the written testimonies, the list of co-sponsors of the Hearing, a summary of the Hearing, and the Healthcare-Now! brochure. A cover letter urged them to support House Bill H.R. 676 and to return a postcard giving their position. One card was returned The local government T.V. channel Videotaped the event and it ran on that channel several times in the weeks following. =============== Contact Sandy Fox sm2fox@yahoo.com
Here are some notes re: the Pittsburgh Hearing, which we called the Citizens Hearing on Health Care Reform and which was held Sunday May 21, 2006, 1:30 - 4:30, at Temple Sinai. 1. Identified key people in diverse constituency groups with a vested interest in healthcare. 2. Met with these people 1:1 to try to enlist their support for single-payer and a hearing prior to the first planning meeting. 3. Maximized the support of constituency groups that I belong to, e.g, my synogogue, by meeting early on with my Rabbi and the Social Action Committee of my Reform congregation. The Union for Reform Judaism passed a Resolution in support of single-payer in 1975 and again in 1993, but had not been actively involved recently in this movement. Meanwhile, the Social Action Committee decided to support the hearing and the Rabbi agreed to the synogogue hosting the event. I think it's helpful to get faith groups involved through our personal connections. Because our synogogue is a member of the Pittsburgh Interfaith Impact Network (with 32 religious member organizations and part of the Gamaliel Foundation, which has groups across the country), our Rabbi hooked me up with the Director of PIIN and soon I was asked to chair a Single-Payer Task Force for PIIN. (Note: The President of PIIN--Rev. John Welch--told me that at the national Gamaliel conference in November '06, endorsing national single-payer reform was discussed as a possible platform for the organization for '08. This is a very political group, integrated racially, which addresses issues of equity and justice. PIIN is open to Jewish and Muslim groups; some of the Gamaliel chapters are Christian-based only. My advice: Google Gamaliel Foundation and see if there's a branch in your area. If there is, approach them, and tell them about Rev. Welch's support for single-payer in Pittsburgh.) 4. Thirty - thirty five people attended the first planning meeting. After introductions, discussed the movement for single-payer and the purpose of the hearings, we identified the following constituency groups and asked people to chose one or more that they wanted to work with. These included: Faith-groups; Minorities; Disability groups; Labor; Business (only had one for this); Senior Citizens (no one wanted to join this group, though we had several senior citizens); Young Adults (no takers, unfortunately, after a number of efforts to recruit); Unemployed (again, no takers); Health Care Providers. I had also hoped to have an Artists committee, but could only get one person to commit. Vanessa German did a fabulous job testifying at the Hearing, doing a performance/slam poetry piece that opened the testimony and got a standing ovation. Vanessa is uninsured, so has a lot of passion about the issue and was happy to do this. So don't discount the one person constituency representation. We also had a planning committee, which met weekly until the Hearing to do invitations to elected officials and those running for office (the primary was about a week before the hearing, so we were able to capitalize on this), plan format, work on getting local cosponsors (we ended up with 55), do press releases, letters to the editor, compile written testimony to present in folders to elected officials and those running, along with info on single-payer legislation and resolutions in support, plan filming, and all the other details. 5. The tasks of the constituency committees were to: identify who is not in the group who we need to bring in; central message of the committee as it concerns healthcare and single-payer; identifying one or two people to give testimony at the Hearing to communicate that message. 6. We decided to limit the number of verbal testimonies to 12, with 3 minutes each, so as not to create fatigue (remember, we had written testimonies to supplement the hearing in folders for politicians). We had two long tables, side by side, on the stage facing the audience. Our moderator was from the League of Women Voters (which supports single-payer) and did a wonderful job. We also had Rep. Conyers come speak about single-payer and HR 676 after the testimonies, with other elected officials and those running for office getting the chance to respond at the end. US Rep. Mike Doyle (Democrat representing Pittsburgh), who was initially opposed to cosponsoring, changed his mind at the hearing. The euphoria of the crowd was palpable when he joined Congressman Conyers on stage. (Mind you, after Mr. Conyers left to catch his flight, Mr. Doyle said to the crowd of 300 - 350 "The only reason I'm agreeing to cosponsor is because it will never get out of committee... The insurance industry OWNS this country...I came out of the insurance industry." )The candidates who won the Democratic primaries for US House seats from the North and South of Pittsburgh both came, and though they left before coming to the stage, they each indicated some level of support when asked by individuals in the audience, a shift from their earlier campaign statements. One of these candidates, Jason Altmire (4th C.D.) unseated the Republican incumbent and has pledged to cosponsor HR 676. Unfortunately, the other candidate, Chad Kluko, ended up being a strong proponent for HR 676 during his subsequent campaign, but was grossly underfunded and did not win. 7. A follow-up note: Since the Hearing, Congressman Doyle has become a staunch supporter of national single-payer and has agreed to meet with us in February to plan strategy for getting more Reps from Western PA on board with HR 676. ============================== Contact Harriet Seiler,hmseil01@insightbb.com or Kay Tillow, NurseNPO@aol.com. If you think the following tips will be useful, please forward to all those interested in planning an event. About 25 volunteers with Kentuckians for Single Payer Health Care staged a "successful" and productive hearing in Louisville last June, so let me share some pointers and lessons learned.
2. Select a venue with good sight lines and a good sound system. We used a downtown church with two pulpits and two mikes, but one podium was obscured by a large eagle. We didn't realize that till we saw the video! It's important to visualize how the scene will look if photographed/filmed. Test your mikes and electrical connections in advance. If the space is large, rope off the back seats so guests will fill up the front seats. Of course, there must be decent lighting, adequate parking and accessible restrooms. 3. Start early to bring supporting organizations on board as endorsers (co-sponsors). Groups such as labor unions, faith communities, peace and justice organizations, chronic illness support groups, mental health advocates, those working on issues pertaining to seniors and children. I can send interested folks a copy of the "request for endorsement form" we mailed (and e-mailed) to potential partners. But a letter was not enough. There needs to be follow-up by phone or in person: (a) Ask for permission (ideally in writing) to list the organization as an endorser; (b) ask the group to send attendees, stress the importance of numbers; (c) ask if the endorsing agency might also make a financial contribution to defray the costs of the event. Most organizations we contacted were eager to come on board. Thanks to super organizer Kay Tillow, we had 33 co-sponsors, but we know we would have had many more if the rest of us had made more calls. Our advance publicity mainly went out through our co-sponsoring organizations. We mailed flyers and e-mailed notices. There were 2 spots on public radio. 4. Invite the dignitaries, state reps, officials--those who will listen to the testimonials. Stress to them that they are being invited to LISTEN, then offer brief remarks. Your invitation will carry more weight if you can list several important co-sponsor groups already on board. Our dignitaries included reps from both sides of the political aisle, and some community health officials. They sat at a long table facing the audience. The testifiers spoke from the side, half facing the audience. It worked well for us. You might want to use a more "congressional hearing" set-up, depending on your space. 5. The testimonials .We invited 18 testifiers whose stories evoked the various facets of the health care problem. We scheduled those speakers in advance, asking each to speak for 3 minutes. We were very strict about time. We didn't want the event to drag on, perhaps lose our audience. The welcoming remarks were brief. Our MC announced at the outset that we had allotted an hour for testimony, that each speaker would have three minutes. We explained that we wanted to hear as many stories as we could, that we did not want to exclude anyone, and if time permitted, we would then ask for testimony from the floor. We even had a volunteer in the front row raise a yellow card at 2 1/2 minutes. At 3 minutes, the coordinator of the testimonials simply moved to the speaker’s elbow and gently asked him/her to conclude. We were all worried about cutting people off, but it didn't happen. I think it was because we explained the ‘rules” in advance. Testifiers seemed satisfied to have been heard. Their stories were clearly stated and compelling. 6. After the testimonials, we had a PNHP speaker explain the single payer “solution” (15 minutes), then the dignitaries spoke, obviously affected by the testimony. We concluded at noon exactly. Even the politicians lingered to discuss what they had heard. 7. Press Release. This is very important! Send out the release by FAX, hard copy and e-mail at least two weeks before the event. Check the deadlines for the community calendars. Follow up with phone calls the week of the event. Try to talk to a news editor. Your press release should have the proverbial “hook” but not give away all the details. Why should they cover your hearing? What’s newsworthy about it, that hasn’t been said before? If the hearing is on a weekend, the media will be short staffed. My son, a writer for a major newspaper in another city, gave me the above insights after the fact. We thought we had followed the standard protocol—faxed release, phone follow-up, prepared press packets, etc.—and we got zero coverage. 8. Have two persons filming/videotaping. Or at least one video, one audio taping. And most importantly, have a member of your committee take notes, ready to write an article about the event—whether you get any press or not. Bellingham, WA. Brief report on the organizing in Bellingham, WA for the Citizen / Congressional Hearing. Prepared by Chris Lindberg 360.714.8999
We had already been building a broad committee to support HR 676. We copied and distributed and worked from the Healthcare Now organizing guide. I won’t repeat some of the valuable ideas in that guide, but urge anyone working on an event to study it and adapt it to your community. The elements that were important to our success are: keeping activity/action going and giving people tools to use to talk to others; creating a buzz; paying attention to details; planning our effort to influence our Congressman. Our hearing, March, 25, 2006, was very successful. About 320 people attended, including about ten public officials and our own Congressman, a moderate-Democrat who does not support single-payer. In fact, our Congressman provided the opening welcome to the event. Many people, including several public officials commented that our event was very professional and well-organized. I mention this because I think it indicates that it is important that we paid attention to a lot of details and the event came off well. It helped establish us as a force to be reckoned with, as a group that can organize. Our format included panelists from labor, faith, medical and community sectors; testimony from a diverse population covering diverse issues, and workshops as well as providing lunch (donated by local restaurants). We videotaped the event and during the workshop period we videotaped individual’s who did not testify during the formal proceeding. How we got there: We decided that we wanted our Congressman at our event and developed a plan of action. It should be noted that, during the many months of our organizing, we were not getting a response from him. In fact, it was reported that several times he was asked directly in various Democratic Party meetings if he would attend and he would reply he wasn’t aware of it and would have to look into it. We also met with him officially, and did not get a commitment. But he did finally attend and delivered the opening welcome. We adapted the HCN letter to the local Congressperson which invited their attendance at the hearing. We circulated it widely for many signatures. This gave people something concrete to do. The letter had a wide appeal as it focused on asking our Congressman to attend the hearing, not specifically to support HR 676 at that time. People who were not familiar with HR 676 could sign on. This both helped give people a way to act and also helped spread the word, creating the buzz. We had more than 20 organizations sign on. These were unions, churches, community groups, small businesses and Democratic Party committees. As well, we had many, many more individuals who signed on. Again, among these individuals were union members, as well as leaders, acitivists, health care professionals, small business people, religious leaders and church members and many ‘ordinary’ community people also signed on. This action also helped give people strength and a voice. I think it was probably the key element to our work. Just to list a number of other things we did:
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